Resources

Vector Control

• WHO Guidance Framework for testing genetically modified mosquitoes
  by WHO/TDR and FNIH

• The Cartagena Protocol

• EFSA Guidance on Environmental Considerations for GM animals

• The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is another approach to reduce tsetse populations. This technique is based on the fact that females mate only once in their lifetime, thus any mating with a sterile male will prevent females from giving birth to any offspring. SIT consists in rearing a large numbers of laboratory male tsetse flies which are irradiated and subsequently released in the wild to compete with wild (naturally occurring) males so that females inseminated by them produce no off-spring. The technique has been effectively used for eradication of tsetse (G. Austeni) from Unguja island in Zanzibar.  WHO Vector control

• A Genetically Modified Mosquito Could Help Fight Zika

• Genetic Control of Mosquitoes: population suppression strategies
  “Over the last two decades, morbidity and mortality from malaria and dengue fever among other pathogens are an increasing Public Health problem. The increase in the geographic distribution of vectors is accompanied by the emergence of viruses and diseases in new areas. ”
  Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo vol.54 no.5 São Paulo Sept./Oct. 2012
  USDA (2009). Use of Genetically Engineered Fruit Fly and Pink Bollworm in APHIS Plant Pest Control Programs: Record of Decision. U. S. D. o. Agriculture, Federal Register. 74: 21314 -21316.
  Fang J. (2010). A world without mosquitoes. Nature 466: 432-434.